Author at SyntaxFlow
In the previous episode, we successfully installed Python and set up the development environment required for Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning projects. Now, in Episode 2, we will begin learning the fundamentals of Python programming that form the backbone of AI and ML development.
Python is one of the most popular programming languages in the world because of its simple syntax, readability, and massive collection of libraries. Most AI and ML frameworks such as TensorFlow, PyTorch, Scikit-learn, and Pandas are built using Python. Therefore, understanding Python basics is the first step toward becoming an AI/ML developer.
Python is widely used in AI and ML because:
Due to these advantages, companies and researchers prefer Python for building intelligent systems.
The first program most beginners write is the “Hello World” program.
print("hello world")
Printing means displaying output on the screen.
Python uses the print() function to show messages, values, and results.
print("Hello World")
Text must be written inside quotes.
Example
print("hi welcome to syntaxflow")Output
Hi welcome to syntax flow
Numbers can be printed without quotes.
print(100)
print(3.14)o/p:
100
3.14
Think of a variable as a labeled storage box. In Python, you use these boxes to store data so you can refer to it later by name.
Unlike some other languages, Python is "dynamically typed," which means you don’t have to tell the computer what kind of data is going inside the box ahead of time. You just give it a name and assign a value.
1. The Anatomy of a Variable
To create a variable, you follow a simple pattern: name = value.
player_score=100
player_name="Alex"1. Variable Name Rules
A variable name:
#wrong way to name the variable
1name = "Alex"student name = "Alex"2. Case-Sensitive
Python treats uppercase and lowercase differently.
age = 20
Age = 303. No Reserved Keywords
Python keywords cannot be used as variable names.
Wrong
class = 10
for = 5Because:
are already used by Python.
4. No Spaces
Variable names cannot contain spaces.
Wrong
student name = "Syntax flow"Correct
student_name = "syntax flow"Underscores _ are used instead of spaces.
5. Dynamic Typing
Python automatically decides the type of variable.
x = 10
x = "Python"First:
Later:
Python allows changing data types dynamically.
6. Memory Allocation
When a value is assigned to a variable, Python stores it in memory.
name = "AI"Here:
Variables can hold different "flavors" of data. Here are the most common ones you'll use:
Integers are whole numbers.
x = 10Properties
a = 100
b = -25Floats are decimal numbers.
pi = 3.14Properties
Examples
height = 5.8
temperature = 36.5Strings store text.
name = "Syntaxflow"Properties
Examples
city = "Chennai"
course = "Python"Booleans represent logical values.
Properties
Examples
is_logged_in = Falsewhatever we saw till now are primitive data types we will explore further on other data types in coming episodes. practice typing on whatever code demonstrated here
We can check the type using type().
Example
x=10
print(type(x))Output:
<class 'int'>Comments are notes written inside a program to explain the code.
Python ignores comments during execution.
Comments help to:
Single-line comments start with #.
Syntax
# This is a comment#printing a message
print("hello world")Triple quotes are commonly used for multi-line comments.
Syntax
"""this is a multi line comment
i am typing the content in second line"""As seen Above variables can printed very easily in python
Multiple values can be printed using commas.
The sep parameter changes the separator between values.
The end parameter changes the ending character.
Input means taking data from the user while the program is running.
In Python, the input() function is used to receive values from the keyboard.
This makes programs interactive because the user can give different values every time the program runs.
Syntax:
input("Message")
The text inside quotes is shown to the user. Whatever the user types is returned by the input() function.
Basic Input Example
Output
Enter your name: syntaxflow
syntaxflowExplanation
the message is not compulsory ,we can directly write input() and get the input ,however no prompt will be given for input
Usually, we display a message so the user understands what to enter.
By default, Python stores all input values as strings (str).
Even if the user enters a number, Python treats it as text.
Suppose we take two numbers as input:
a = input("Enter first number: ")
b = input("Enter second number: ")
print(a + b)Output
1020
Explanation
Python joins the strings instead of adding them mathematically.
So, we need type conversion.
remember whenever we use '+' operator python combines both the strings as one string
The int() function converts input into an integer.
Explanation
The float() function converts input into decimal numbers.
Example
height = float(input("Enter height: "))
print(height)Output
Enter height: 5.85
5.85We can take multiple values from the user.
Example
name = input("Enter name: ")
age = int(input("Enter age: "))
print(name, age)Output
Enter name: chipset
Enter age: 19
chipset 19Input is used in:
Almost every interactive application uses input functions.
Try these programs on your own to improve your understanding of Python basics:
In this article, we learned the basic fundamentals of Python programming, including:
These concepts form the foundation of Python programming and are essential for Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning development.
Keep practicing these basics regularly, because strong fundamentals make advanced programming much easier to learn.
Stay tuned for the next episode to explore more Python concepts and continue your journey into AI and Machine Learning.
for previous episode click here:
Complete Guide to Installing Python on Windows, macOS, and Linux | SyntaxFlow
you can watch this video for better understanding incase you are confused